Kodi Mukudziwa Njira Yosungunulira Zitini za Aluminium?

Zitini za aluminiyamu ndizofala m'moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe zimakhala ngati zotengera zakumwa ndi zinthu zina zogula.Zitinizi zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zopepuka, zosagwira dzimbiri, komanso zotha kubwezeredwanso - aluminiyamu.Kupanga ndi kubwezeretsanso zitini za aluminiyamu kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo, kuphatikizapo kusungunuka kwa aluminiyumu.M'nkhaniyi, tiwona njira yochititsa chidwi ya kusungunuka kwa zitini za aluminiyamu, kuyang'ana mbali zazikulu monga ng'anjo yosungunuka ya aluminiyamu, ochotsa slag, oyenga, silicon yachitsulo, ndi zosefera za thovu za ceramic.

I. Ng'anjo ya Aluminium Yosungunuka
Kusungunuka kwa zitini za aluminiyamu kumayambira ndi ng'anjo yosungunuka ya aluminiyamu, yomwe imakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusintha aluminiyumu yolimba kukhala yosungunuka.Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ng'anjo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani, koma zodziwika bwino ndi izi:
Ng'anjo ya Reverberatory: Ng'anjoyi idapangidwa ndi chipinda chocheperako, cha makona atatu pomwe aluminiyamu imatenthedwa mosadukiza ndi kutentha kowala kuchokera padenga ndi makoma.Ng'anjoyo imatha kutentha mpaka 1200 ° C, zomwe ndizokwanira kusungunula aluminiyumu.
Ng'anjo ya Crucible: Ng'anjo yamtunduwu imagwiritsa ntchito crucible yokhala ndi mizere yopingasa kuti igwire aluminiyumu.Chophimbacho chimatenthedwa ndi magetsi kapena gasi, ndipo aluminiyumu amasungunuka mkati mwake.
Ng'anjo yopangira ng'anjo: Ng'anjo iyi imadalira kulowetsedwa kwamagetsi kuti apange kutentha mu aluminiyamu.Njirayi ndi yoyera komanso yopatsa mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chodziwika bwino chosungunula aluminiyumu.

II.Othandizira Kuchotsa Slag
Panthawi yosungunuka, zonyansa mu aluminiyumu zimatha kupanga slag pamwamba pa chitsulo chosungunuka.Kuti mutsimikizire mtundu wa chinthu chomaliza, ndikofunikira kuchotsa slag.Othandizira kuchotsa slag, omwe amadziwikanso kuti fluxes, ndi mankhwala omwe amathandizira kupatukana kwa slag ndi aluminiyamu yosungunuka.Othandizira kuchotsa slag ndi awa:
Sodium Chloride (NaCl): Mcherewu umathandizira kuphwanya slag, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuchotsa.
Potaziyamu Chloride (KCl): Monga sodium chloride, potaziyamu kloride imathandiza kupasuka kwa slag, kulimbikitsa kupatukana kwake ndi aluminiyamu yosungunuka.
Fluoride-based Fluxes: Izi zimathandizira kuchotsa zonyansa za oxide komanso zimachepetsanso kusungunuka kwa slag, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuchotsa.

III.Oyeretsa

Zoyenga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo mtundu wa aluminiyamu yosungunuka pochotsa zonyansa monga gasi wa hydrogen ndi zophatikizika.Ena mwa zinthu zoyengedwa bwino ndi awa:

Hexachloroethane (C2Cl6): Pawiriyi imawola mu aluminiyamu yosungunuka, kutulutsa mpweya wa klorini womwe umachita ndi zonyansa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzichotsa.
Mpweya wa Nayitrojeni (N2): Mpweya wa nayitrojeni ukapyola mu aluminiyamu yosungunuka, umathandiza kuchotsa mpweya wa haidrojeni ndi zophatikizika.
Argon Gasi (Ar): Mofanana ndi nayitrogeni, mpweya wa argon ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchotsa mpweya wa haidrojeni ndi ma inclusions kuchokera ku aluminiyumu yosungunuka.

IV.Metallic Silicon

Silicon yachitsulo imawonjezeredwa ku aluminiyumu yosungunuka ngati chinthu chothandizira.Kuphatikizika kwa zitsulo zachitsulo kumawonjezera mphamvu zamakina a chinthu chomaliza, monga mphamvu ndi kuuma kwake.Kuphatikiza apo, silicon imathandizanso pakuyenga aluminiyamu yosungunukayo pochita zinthu ndi zonyansa ndikulimbikitsa kuzichotsa.

Pomaliza, kusungunuka kwa zitini za aluminiyamu ndi njira yovuta koma yochititsa chidwi yomwe imaphatikizapo zigawo zingapo zofunika ndi masitepe.Ng'anjo yosungunuka ya aluminiyamu, kaya ndi ng'anjo yotsitsimutsa, yowotchera, kapena yotenthetsera, imakhala msana wa ndondomekoyi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti aluminiyumu yolimba ikhale yosungunuka.Zinthu zochotsa ma slag, monga sodium chloride ndi potaziyamu chloride, zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pochotsa zonyansa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti aluminiyumu yosungunukayo ndi yabwino.Zoyenga, monga hexachloroethane ndi mpweya wa nayitrogeni, zimapititsa patsogolo khalidweli pochotsa mpweya wa haidrojeni ndi zophatikizika.Kuphatikizika kwa zitsulo zachitsulo monga chitsulo chophatikizira sikumangowonjezera luso lamakina a chinthu chomaliza komanso kumathandizira pakuyenga.Pomaliza, zosefera za thovu za ceramic zimathandizira kuyeretsa komaliza kwa aluminiyumu yosungunuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chinthu choyera komanso chapamwamba kwambiri.Kumvetsetsa zinthu zofunikazi ndi masitepe kumapereka chidziwitso chofunikira panjira yodabwitsa yopangira ndi kukonzanso zitini za aluminiyamu.